![]() Understandably, genotoxicity can be confused with mutagenicity since all mutagenic substances are genotoxic. The mutations can occur in somatic cells which are body cells except reproductive germ cells or germ cells which are involved in the reproductive process and can generate a new organism (Little Pro, 2016) Genotoxicity vs Mutagenicityįrequently Asked Questions: Is genotoxicity the same as mutagenicity? On the other hand, mutagenicity is the process of inducing mutation (World Health Organization, 2020). It has no biological effect if it does not progress into mutation (Beck, 2014). Genotoxicity is a process which sometimes but rarely leads to mutation induction. The information is valuable in assessing risks of adverse effects, especially developmental ones (World Health Organization, 2020). The results are then employed in making regulatory decisions. In comparison, mutagenicity testing is done to identify substances that can lead to genetic changes in germ or somatic cells. They are also used to evaluate both known and suspected carcinogens’ mechanisms (Phillips & Arlt, 2009). TestsĪ number of in vitro (outside the organism) and in vivo (in a whole, living organism) genotoxicity tests have been developed to assess the safety of consumer products and environmental chemicals. Mutagenicity is the process of inducing permanent alterations in a genetic material’s structure or amount (World Health Organization, 2020). Being exposed to harmful biological and chemical agents may cause epigenetic changes or genomic instabilities which can result in different illnesses such as cancer (Ren, et al., 2017). Genotoxicity is the ability of substances (genotoxins) to harm cells’ genetic information. Difference between Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity Definition There is no effect on the exposed individual, but the effect is passed on to the next generations. The effects of mutations in germ cells are heritable. Toxicity in somatic cells lead to different effects such as dermatitis, cancer, and death. Mutation in somatic cells can result in altered cell growth or cell death. The mutations can occur in somatic cells ( body cells except reproductive germ cells) or germ cells (involved in the reproductive process and can generate a new organism Little Pro, 2016): Mutagenicity testing is helpful in assessing the effects of new drugs, food additives, pesticides, cosmetics, and other products (Sundar, et al., 2018). ![]() Mutagenicity testing is done to identify substances that can lead to genetic changes in germ or somatic cells. A mutagen is genotoxin, it is a chemical, physical, or biological agent which induces genetic changes which can be inherited it is usually through DNA interaction (World Health Organization, 2020 Samanthi, 2019). ![]() ![]() Mutagenicity is the process of inducing permanent alterations in a genetic material’s structure or amount. This tragedy prompted more rigorous genotoxicity regulations specially for the pharmaceutical industry (Davey, 2020). One famous example of the need for thorough genotoxicity testing is the historical case of thalidomide, a sedative drug which was prescribed to pregnant women to alleviate nausea, but it resulted in severe fetal abnormalities. Genotoxicity has no biological effect if it does not progress into mutation (Beck, 2014).Ī number of in vitro (outside the organism) and in vivo (in a whole, living organism) genotoxicity tests have been developed to assess the safety of consumer products and environmental chemicals. It is also important to note that genotoxicity is a process which sometimes but rarely leads to mutation induction. Genotoxins can be categorized as carcinogens, mutagens, or teratogens (Davey, 2020). It can lead to direct or indirect effects like direct DNA damage which causes mutations and mistimed DNA event activation. ![]() It is also defined as a set of modes of action that can cause adverse outcomes including ageing, developmental toxicity, and inherited diseases (Rawlinson, 2019). ![]()
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